9691 Individuals
in our Database | |  | | | 1ST EARL OF CORNWALL KING OF THE ROMANS
Richard Plantagenet de Cornwall Sex: Male | | | |  | | Birth Date | 1209 JAN 05 | | Death Date | 1272 JAN 05 | | Father | John I KING of England LACKLAND | Born: 1166 | Died: 1216 | | Mother | Isabella of Angouleme | Born: 1188 | Died: 1246 NAY 31 | | Richard Plantagenet de Cornwall
Notes: | RICHARD, son of JOHN King of England & his second wife Isabelle Ctss dAngoulême (Winchester Castle 5 Jan 1209-Berkhamstead Castle, Herts 2 Apr 1272, bur Hayles Abbey, Gloucestershire). The Chronicle of Ralph of Coggeshall records the birth in 1209 of "Ricardus secundus filius regis"[209]. Matthew Paris records that "Isabel Anglorum regina" gave birth in 1208 to “Johanni regi filium legitimum...Ricardum”[210]. He was designated Comte de Ponthieu before 14 Aug 1225. Created Earl of Cornwall 30 May 1227. In 1236, he was suggested as intermediary to negotiate an Anglo/imperial alliance proposed by Emperor Friedrich II but did not take up the post[211]. The Continuator of Florence of Worcester records that "Ricardus comes Cornubiæ frater Henrici regis Angliæ" went to Jerusalem in [1239][212]. Implementing a crusading vow taken in 1236, Richard arrived at Acre in Palestine 11 Oct 1240, re-established some order in the kingdom of Jerusalem, and left in May 1241[213]. He renounced the county of Ponthieu in Dec 1243. Richard was one of the proposed candidates to replace Heinrich Raspe as anti-king of Germany in 1247, and in 1250 may have been offered the Sicilian crown by Pope Innocent IV[214]. According to Matthew Paris, he refused the kingdom of Sicily on the Popes terms, after which the Pope offered it to King Henry who accepted it on behalf of his son Edmund[215]. In Dec 1256, Richard was offered the German crown by the archbishops of Köln and Mainz to whom promises of payment of 8,000 marks had each been made, supported by Ludwig II Duke of Bavaria, who was betrothed to the daughter of King Henry III with a dowry of 12,000 marks, and subsequently by Otakar II King of Bohemia[216]. Richard accepted the offer before the English parliament, and sailed for Germany. The offer was confirmed by a limited election outside Frankfurt 13 Jan 1257, entry into the city being barred by Arnold Archbishop of Trier[217]. He was crowned RICHARD King of Germany on 17 May 1257 at Aachen Cathedral with his wife[218]. Although his rival Alfonso X King of Castile had initially enjoyed the support of France and the Pope, King Henry IIIs peaceful settlement with Louis IX King of France in Jan 1257 provided the basis for Pope Alexander IV to modify his own position and on 30 Apr 1259 he secretly invited Richard to Rome for his imperial coronation, although Richard was unable to leave England because of the deteriorating relations with the barons[219]. He was elected Roman senator in Apr 1261, with the support particularly of cardinals John of Toledo and Ottobono Fieschi[220]. Pope Urban IV was less sympathetic to his cause, obtaining a more powerful military ally to protect his position in Italy in Charles Comte dAnjou. The dispute was unresolved by the Papal Bull Qui Cœlum dated 27 Aug 1263 which found that both candidates for the German throne were king-elect. However, in 1266 Pope Clement IV appears to have favoured Richards candidacy over a possible election of Konradin. After the latters execution in 1268, Friedrich von Meissen emerged as a new possible candidate for the German throne and Richard renewed his efforts to increase his authority in Germany, in particular by his third marriage to a relative of Engelbert Archbishop of Köln[221]. Richard suffered an apoplectic stroke in [Oct] 1271 which paralysed his left side and affected the balance of his mind[222]. The Annales Halesiensibus record the death "1272 Berhamstede IV Non Apr" of "rex Ricardus Alemanie" and his burial "apud Heles"[223]. The Continuator of Florence of Worcester records the death "IV Non Apr apud Berhamstede" [1272] of "Ricardus Alemannia rex" and his burial "apud monasterium de Hayles" which he had founded[224]. A writ dated 5 Apr "56 Hen III", after the death of "Richard king of Almain", records "Edmund his son, aged 22 on the day of St Stephen last, is his heir"[225].
| | Notes: | m firstly (Fawley, Buckinghamshire 13 or 30 Mar 1231) as her second husband, ISABEL Marshal, widow of GILBERT de Clare Earl of Hertford and Gloucester, daughter of WILLIAM Marshal Earl of Pembroke & his wife Isabella de Clare (Pembroke Castle 9 Oct 1200-Berkhamstead Castle, Hertfordshire 15 or 17 Jan 1240, bur Beaulieu Abbey, Hampshire). The Annals of Tewkesbury record the marriage “III Kal Apr…apud Falle juxta Merlawe” in 1231 of “Ysabel comitissa Gloucestriæ” and “Ricardo comiti Cornubiæ, fratri Henrici regis Angliæ”[226]. Her (second) marriage is recorded by Matthew Paris, who names her "Ysabellam comitissam Gloverniæ" sister of William Marshall Earl of Pembroke, specifying that the marriage took place in April[227]. The Annales Cambriæ record the marriage in 1231 of "Ricardus comes Cornubiæ" and "Isabellam cometissam Gloucestriæ"[228]. The Annales Londonienses record the marriage in 1231 of "Ricardus frater regis" and "Isabellam comitissam Gloverniæ, relictam Gileberti de Clare"[229]. The Annales Londonienses record the death in 1240 of "comitissa Gloverniæ uxor comitis Ricardi" in childbirth[230]. The Annals of Tewkesbury record the death “XVI Kal Feb…apud Berkhamstede” in 1239 of “Isabella comitissa Gloucestriæ et Hertfordiæ, Cornubiæ et Pictaviæ” and her burial “apud Bellum Locum Cisterciensis ordinis”[231]. Matthew Paris records that she died of jaundice contracted in childbirth[232]. m secondly (Contract 17 Jul 1242, Westminster Abbey 23 Nov 1243) SANCHA de Provence, daughter of RAYMOND BERENGER IV Comte de Provence & his wife Béatrice de Savoie (Aix-en-Provence [1225]-Berkhamstead Castle, Buckinghamshire 5 or 9 Nov 1261, bur Hayles Abbey, Gloucestershire). "Petrus de Sabaudia" acted as proxy for the marriage of "Richardo comite Cornubie" and "Sanccie filie…Raimundi Berengarii comitis provincie", recorded in a charter dated 17 Jul 1242[233]. The Annales Londonienses record the marriage "die Sanctæ Ciciliæ" in 1243 of "Ricardus frater regis" and "Beatrix uxor comitis Provinciæ…filiam suam Cyntiam"[234]. The marriage is recorded and dated by Matthew Paris, who confirms the bride’s parentage[235]. She was crowned Queen of Germany with her husband 17 May 1257 at Aachen Cathedral[236]. The Annales Halesiensibus record the death "1261 V Id Nov…apud Berhamstede" of "Sanchia regina Alemannie" and her burial "apud Heiles"[237]. The Annals of Osney record the death “die Mercurii proximo ante festum beati Martini apud Berchamstede” in 1261 of “Schenchia regina Alemanniæ, soror Elianoræ reginæ Angliæ” and her burial “ad domum de Hayles”[238].
| | Notes: | m thirdly (Kaiserslauten Stiftskirche 16 Jun 1269) BEATRIX [van Valkenburg], daughter of [DIRK [II] Heer van Valkenburg & his first wife Bertha van Limburg] (-17 Oct 1277, bur Oxford, church of the Franciscan Friars Minor). The Annales Halesiensibus record the marriage in 1267 of "rex Riccardus Alemannie" and "Beatricem cuius avunculus fuit archiepiscopus Colonie"[239]. The same relationship is hinted by the charter dated 13 Sep 1271 in which "Richardus…romanorum rex" refers to "E. Coloniensi archiepiscopi" as "affinis nostri"[240]. The primary source which confirms her parentage more precisely has not yet been identified, although the reference to "Falkestan" (presumably in error for Valkenburg/Falkenburg) in the record of her death quoted below suggests that she must have been the daughter of Dietrich [II] von Valkenburg if Engelbert Archbishop of Köln was her uncle. If this is correct, the date of her marriage suggests that she was the daughter of Dietrich [II]’s first wife, but this is not without doubt as other primary sources show marriages celebrated when the bride was aged 12 at that time. This marriage was arranged to bolster Richards support in Germany, through the brides influential uncle Engelbert Archbishop of Köln[241]. The Annals of Osney record the death “in vigilia Sancti Lucæ Evangelistæ” in 1277 of “Beatrix de Falkestan, regina Alemanniæ, uxor regis Ricardi” and her burial “in ecclesia fratrum Minorum Oxoniæ”[242].
| | Richard Plantagenet de Cornwall Will: | Place of Burial: Hailes Abbey, Hailes, Gloucestershire, England
| | | 1 | Children | Birth Death | Mother | Spouse | Grand Children | 1  | Richard De Cornwall, of Thunnock | b.1252
d.1296 Slain by an arrow at the siege of Berwick | | | | 1 Joan Plantagenet de cornwall LADY b.1285 | |
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